Bis hetero cyanoacrylates



United States Patent Oflice 3,404,160 Patented Oct. 1, 1968 3,404,160 BIS HETERO CYANOACRYLATE Albert F. Strobel, Delmar, and Sigmund C. Catino, Castleton, N.Y., assignors to GAF Corporation, a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Continuation-impart of application Ser. No. 244,023, Dec. 12, 1962. This application Dec. 15, 1966, Ser. No. 601,853

18 Claims. (Cl. 260--332.2)

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE I Substantially colorless compounds which exhibit a prominent absorption peak between 2500 A. and 4000 A. land which are outstanding absorbents for ultra-violet radiation and excellent stabilizers for organic materials to protect them against the degradative effects of such radiation, are characterized as bis (monocyclic heterocyclic) a cyanoacrylates, said heterocycles being of the group containing 5 and 6 members in the ring and wherein the hetero atom is at least one of the group of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur, and also including dimer forms of such compounds linked with a bivalent bridging radical.

This application is a continuation in part of application Ser. No. 244,033, filed Dec. 12, 1962 and now abandoned.

This invention relates to new and useful compounds which impart to organic materials superior resistance to degradation and deterioration when they are exposed to actinic radiation, and in particular to ultraviolet radiation. This invention further relates to processes for the preparation of new and useful compounds of the type hereinbefore described. The compounds with which this invention is concerned are characterized as bis hetero cyanoacrylates.

Various organic compounds exhibit the power to absorb electromagnetic radiations within the band of 2900 to 3700 A. and when incorporated in various plastic materials such as transparent sheets, the resultant sheet acts as a filter for all of the radiation passing through and will transmit only such radiations are are not absorbed by the sheet and/or the absorbing agent. It is thus possible to screen out undesirable radiations and utilize the resulting transparent sheet as a filter in many technical and commercial applications such as wrappings for food prodnets and the like.

Numerous organic compounds have been suggested as absorbents for the range of radiations described above, which range is designated as the ultraviolet range. Such uses include incorporation in plastic sheet materials and the stablization in general of transparent plastic bodies. By far, the greatest concern with respect to ultraviolet radiations is with those radiations which come from the sun. Most of these radiations have wave lengths between 250 and 400 millimicrons. The elfects of such radiation on the human skin, producing sunburn and suntan are, of course, well known. Other effects, however, of great commercial importance, relate to the photochemical degradation caused by ultraviolet radiation. Many commercial products are either unstable when subjected to such radiations, or are affected to the extent that they become undesirable or unsala-ble. Many plastic materials, when exposed to this radiation, undergo substantial degradation resulting in the development of undesirable color bodies and subsequent loss of transparency. Food products, in addition to becoming discolored, often become unfit for human consumption. Thus, prolonged exposure of fruits, edible oils, butter and other prepared foods, will spoil and turn rancid on exposure to ultraviolet light. It

is well known that colored objects such as dyed textiles will fade on exposure to sunlight, and in particular to ultraviolet light. Many plastics, in addition to developing color formation and reduction in transparency, become brittle, lose their elasticity, crack, and eventually completely deteriorate on exposure to sunlight. Paints, varnishes, lacquers, and the like, also are prone to these effects even though here the transparency property may not be paramount.

We have discovered that by combining bis hetero cyanoacrylates with organic materials, there results compatible combinations with a vast number of film-forming plastics, resins, gums, waxes and the like, which combinations further exhibit outstanding ultraviolet absorbing properties within the generally encountered ultraviolet region of 250 to 400 millimicrons. The compounds with which this invention is concerned, even though they exhibit oustanding absorbing properties close to the visible region of the electro magnetic field, nevertheless are essentially colorless compounds and can be employed with the assurance that they will not contribute to color in normally colorless formulations, nor will they alfect the color of a colored formulation such as a paint film, or a dyed textile. Many of the compounds of this invention will absorb some visible light on the violet and of the spectrum, which renders them particularly useful in many formulations which are susceptible to visible light degradation. Thus, polyesters and polyethylenes are known to be so characterized, and the stabilization of these materials is extremely successful when using the compounds herein contemplated.

The compounds of this invention, additionally are outstanding in that they do not require a phenolic hydroxyl group in order to achieve light stability. The heretofore used hydroxybenzophenone absorbers must have such a grouping. The presence of an hydroxyl which is capable of salt formation renders these absorbers unsuitable for use in alkaline media and particularly in alkaline plastic materials such as epoxys, melamines and the like. While the compounds of the present invention do not require an hydroxyl group, the presence thereof is not disadvantageous, or a detriment where alkaline sensitivity is no problem.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide new and useful compounds characterized by outstanding ultraviolet absorbing properties.

It is still another object of this invention to provide new and useful bis hetero cyanoacrylates which are outstanding ultraviolet absorbing compounds.

It is a still further object of the present invention to provide processes for the preparation of new and useful ultraviolet absorbing compounds.

It is still a further object of the present invention to provide processes for the preparation of new and useful ultraviolet absorbing compounds which are characterized as his hetero cyanoacrylates.

Other objects will appear hereinafter as the description proceeds.

The bis hetero cyanoacrylates which are contemplated in this invention exhibit a prominent peak or peaks between 250 A. and 400 A. and are devoid of nitro groups and nuclear bonded amino groups and have the following general formula:

(HE T) ON C=C HI-O Y wherein each (HET) represents independently a 5- or 6- membered heterocyclic nucleus or a benzo (5- or 6-membered) heterocyclic nucleus containing at least one pair are oxygen, nitrogen and/ or sulfur and n is an integer from 1 to 2, and Y is a radical selected from the group consisting of alkenyl (C to C aryl, hetero (i.e., HET) and substituted derivatives thereof, e.g., halophenyl, halonaphthyl alkoxyphenyl, alkoxynaphthyl, al-kylphenyl, halothienyl, alkylthienyl alkylfuryl, phenylfuryl, alkoxyfuryl, al koxypyrridyl, halopyrryl, etc., when n=1; and when n=2, Y is a bivalent bridging radical such as alkylene, arylene, hetero (i.e., HET) and substituted derivatives thereof.

Examples of suitable heterocycles are: thiophene, furane, pyrrole, ot-pyran, a-pyrone, pyridine, 1,2-dihydropyridine, oxazole, thiazole, isoxazole, isothiazole, pyrazole, 3-isopyrazole, imidazole, 2-isoimidazole, 1,2,3-triazole, 1,2,4-triazole, tetrazole, 1,3,4-xadiazole, 1,2,5-oxadiazole, 1,2,3-thiadiazole, 1,2,3-oxathiazole, pyridazine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, 1,3,5-triazine, and fused ring systerms of benzene nuclei and naphthalene nuclei with the aforementioned heterocyclics, e.g., benzothiophene, benzofurane, quinoline, phthalazine, benzimidazole, 1,2,3-benztriazole, benzoxazole.

The hetero nuclei may contain alkyl, substituted alkyl, halogen, acyl, sulfonyl, carboxamido, oxy and similar inert substituents which may vary the ultraviolet absorption spectrum but which do not aifect the function and stability of the compounds. Such substituents include: alkyl, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tertiary-butyl, secondary-butyl, n-amyl, iso-amy1, tertiary-amyl and the other isomeric amyls, n-hexyl, isohexyl and the other isomeric hexyls, n-heptyl, iso-heptyl and the other isomeric heptyls, n-primary nonyl (nonyl- 1), nonyl-(2), nonyl-(3), nonyl-(5), 2-methyl-octyl-2, 4- ethyl-heptyl-4, 2-rnethyl-4-ethyl-hexyl-4, n-primaryl octyl, octyl-(2) (capryl), 2-methyl-3-ethyl-pentyl-3, 2,2-4-trimethyl-pentyl-4, 2-ethyl-hexyl-1, 3-ethyl-hexyl-3, Z-methyl-heptyl-2, 3-methyl-heptyl-3, 4-methyl-heptyl-4, n-pri mary decyl (decyl-l), decyl-4 (secondary decyl), 2-ethyloctyl-3 (tertiary decyl), 4-propyl-hepty1-4 (tertiary decyl), undecyl-l (n-primary decyl), undecyl-2 (n-secondary decyl), dodecyl-l (n-dodecyl),tridecyl-1 (n-tridecyl), tridecyl-7, 3-decyl-undecyl, tetradecyl-l (n-tetradecyl), entadecyl-l (n-pentadecyl), pentadecyl-S, hexadecyl (cotyl), heptadecyl-9, octadecyl-l, 2-methy1 heptadecyl-2, eicosyl-1, docosyl-l, tricosyl-12, tetracosyl, tricapryl, pentacosyl, hexacosyl, heptacosyl, octacosyl, nonac'osyl, myrisyl (30 carbons).

Alkenyl: allyl (CH =CHCH methallyl 2= 3) 2) crotyl (CH CI-I=CHCH butenyl-l (CH =CHCH-CH pentenyl-l, 'y-isopropyl allyl, fl-ethyl-3-propyl allyl, 2- methyl-octenyl-G, decenyl-l, decenyl-Z, undecenyl, dodeceny1-2, octadecenyl, docosenyl pentamethyl eicosenyl.

Substituted alkyl: cyanoethyl, cyano-n-propyl, cyanoisopropyl, cyano-n-butyl, cyano-isobutyl, cyano-n-amyl, cyano-isoamyl, cyanohexyl, cyanoheptyl, cyano-n-octyl, cyano-nonyl, cyanodecyl, cyanolauryl, cyanostearyl and the like, hydroxyethyl, hydroxy-n-propyl, hydroxy-isopropyl, hydroxy-n-butyl, hydroxy-isobutyl, hydroxy-n-amyl, hydroxy-isoamyl, hydroxy-hexyl, hydroxyheptyl, hydroxy-nonyl, hydroxy-decyl, hydroxy-lauryl, hydroxystearyl and the like, carbomethoxyethyl, carbomethoxypropyl, carbomethoxybutyl, carbomethoxyamyl, carbomethoxyhexyl, carbethoxyethyl, carbethoxypropyl, carbethoxybutyl, etc., carbopropoxyethyl, carbopropoxypropyl, carbopropoxybutyl, etc., carbobutoxyethyl, carbobutoxybutyl, etc., chloroethyl, chloropropyl (N-propyl, isopropyl), chlorobutyl (N-butyl, isobutyl, etc.), chloroamyl, chlorohexyl, chlorodecyl, chlorolauryl, and the like, brornoethyl, brornopropyl (N-propyl, isopropyl), bromobutyl (N-butyl, isobutyl, etc.), bromoarnyl, bromohexyl, bromodecyl, bromolauryl, and the like, methoxyethyl, methoxypropyl (N-propyl, isopropyl), methoxybutyl (N-butyl, isobutyl, etc.), methoxyamyl, methoxyhexyl, methoxydecyl, methoxylauryl, and the like, ethoxyethyl, ethoxypropyl (N-propyl, isopropyl), ethoxybutyl (N-butyl, isobutyl, etc.), ethoxyamyl, ethoxyhexyl, ethoxydecyl, ethoxylauryl, and the like, hydroxyethoxyethyl, hydroxyethoxypropyl, hydroxyethoxybutyl, hydroxyethoxyamyl, hydroxypropoxyethyl, hydroxypropoxypropyl, hydroxypropoxybutyl, hydroxypropoxyamyl, hydroxybutoxyethyl, hydroxybutoxypropyl, hydroxybutoxybutyl, hydroxybutoxyamyl.

Halogen: fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine.

Acyl: acetyl, propionyl, butanoyl, amoyl, etc., benzoyl, toluoyl, naphthoyl, etc.

Sulfonyl: CH SO benzene sulfonyl, toluene sulfonyl, etc.

Oxy: hydroxy, :methoxy, ethoxy, hydroxyethoxy, etc.

Carboxamido (CONH N-methyl carboxamido (CONHCH N-ethyl carboxamido, N-dimethyl carboxamido, N-diethyl carboxamido, etc.

Y (when 11:1) may be any of the aforementioned alkenyl, hetero and substituted forms thereof and additionally may be aryl, and substituted forms thereof such as: phenyl, tolyl, xylyl, cumyl, ot-naphthyl, B-naphthyl, a-anthraquinonyl, B-anthraquinonyl, 'y-anthraquinonyl, phenanthranyl, diphenyl and the alkyl substituted derivatives thereof.

Substituted aryls, e.g., anisole, phenetole, p-diethoxyphenyl, l-methoxy-phenanthryl, a-naphthylmethylether, fl-naphthylmethylether, a-n-aphthylmethylether, 8-naphthylethylether, hydroxyethyl phenyl, hydroxypropyl phenly, chlorophenyl, bromophenyl, 1,2-dichlorophenyl, 1,3- dichlorophenyl, 1,3,5-trichlorophenyl, 1,2-dibrom0phenyl, a-chlorotolyl, m-chlorotolyl, m-bromotolyl, bromo-ooxylyl, a,fl-dichloronaphthyl, 4-bromoacenaphthyl, carboxyphenyl, carboxytolyls, carbalkoxyphenyls, e.g., carbornethoxyphenyl, carboethoxyphenyl, carbalkoxytolyls, e.g., carbomethoxytolyls, acetophenyl, propiophenyl, butyrophenyl, lauroylphenyl, stearoylphenyl p-acctotolyl, o-acetotolyl, a benzoylnaphthyl, ,8 benzoyl naphthyl, acetaminophenyl, acet-methylamino phenyl, o-acetoaminotolyl, p acetoaminotolyl, a acetoaminonaphthyl, B- acetoaminonaphthyl propio-aminophenyl, butyro-aminophenyl, o propio-arninotolyl, p propio-aminotolyl, obutyroaminotolyl, p butyroaminotolyl, o-lauroylaminotolyl, p-lauroylaminotolyl, o-stearoylaminotolyl, sulfamylphenyl, sulfamylnaphthyl.

Suitable bivalent bridging radicals for Y and 11:2 include:

It is of course clear that other non-chromophoric substituents may be present in the above radicals, e.g.,

? H2-C HzCHz-, and the like The general procedure for preparing the compounds of this invention involves a condensation of an aryl hetero ketone with a selected cyanomethylene ester preferably in the presence of an acidic catalyst.

Suitable ketones include the following:

Z-furyl ketone 3-thienyl ketone Z-furyl 2-methyl-3indolyl ketone 2-furyl 1-methyl-3-indolyl ketone 3-ind0lyl 2-thienyl ketone 2-pyrryl Z-thienyl ketone 2,5-dimethyl-3-thienyl Z-thienyl ketone 2,5-dimethyl-3-thienyl 2-furyl ketone 2-pyridyl 4-pyridyl ketone 3-pyridyl 4-pyridyl ketone 5 chloro-2-thienyl 2-furyl ketone 5-chloro-2-thienyl B-furyl ketone 3-indolyl S-methyl-Z-thienyl ketone 3-indolyl 2-pyridyl ketone 2-thienyl B-thienyl ketone Z-thienyl 5-'(2-thienyI')-2-thienyl ketone Z-thienyl 6-(2-thienyl)-3-pyridyl ketone 5-ethyl-2-thienyl Z-furyl ketone In addition to the above-contemplated derivatives, polyoxyalkylated derivatives thereof are within the purview of this invention. Any of the aforementioned compounds containing at least one reactive hydrogen atom may be reacted with an alkylene oxide or a compound functioning as an oxide (or mixtures thereof) such as: ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, butylene dioxide, isobutylene oxide, glycidol, epichlorohydrin, butadiene dioxide, styrene oxide, and the like to yield the corresponding polyoxyalkylated products. Among the types of compounds which are reactive in this manner are: hydroxy compounds, amide compounds, carboxy compounds, etc. From one to about 200 mols of oxyalkylating agent may be condensed with the said reactive compounds.

The following examples will serve to illustrate the present invention without being deemed limitative thereof. Parts are by weight unless otherwise indicated.

Example 1 Preparation of allyl-a-cyano-B, 8-bis(2-thienyl) acrylate.

Into a 500 ml. three-necked flask fitted with a stirrer, thermometer, Barrett-type water separator, reflux condenser, and heating mantle, are added:

Bis(2-thienyl) ketone mol 0.25 Allyl-a-cyanoacetate mo1 0.25 Ammonium acetate 'g 3.5 Glacial acetic acid ml 20 Benzene ml 50 The reaction mixture is heated ot reflux and maintained thusly while adding 1 g. portions of catalyst each hour until no further Water is evolved. The mixture is then steam-distilled and the solid isolated.

Example 2 Preparation of a-cyano-p,,3-bis(Z-thienyl) acrylic acid propenyl ester.

Example 1 is repeated, except that in place of the allyl ester, there is used the propenyl ester.

Example 3 Example 1 is repeated, employing the following ketones:

(a) bis-(S-thienyl) ketone (b) 2 furyl ketone (bis) (0) bis-(S-methyl-Z-thienyl) ketone (d) bis(5-chloro-2-thienyl) ketone (e) 5-methyl-2-thienyl 5-bromo-2-thienyl ketone (f) 2,5-dimethyl-3-thienyl Z-thienyl ketone (g) 2-furyl Z-thienyl ketone (h) 2-pyrryl 2-thienyl ketone (i) 3-indolyl 2-pyridyl ketone (j) S-chloro-Z-thienyl 3-furyl ketone 7 Example 4 Examples 1 and 3 are repeated, employing the following a-cyanoacrylic acid esters: (a) isopropenyl-u-cyanoacetate (b) crotyl-u-cyanoacetate (c) decenyl-l-u-cyanoacetate (d) phenyl-a-cyanoacetate (e) tolyl-u-cyanoacetate (f) o-chlorotolyl-a-cyanoacetate (g) p-carboxyphenyl-u-cyanoacetate (h) p-carboethoxyphenyl-a-cyanoacetate (i) o-carbomethoxyphenyl-u-cyanoacetate (j) p-stearoylphenyl-a-cyanoacetate (k) tetrahydrofurfuryl-a-cyanoacetate (l) a-pyridyl-a-cyanoacetate m) (4-chlorophenyl) -a-cyanoacrylate (n) (4-methoxyphenyl)-acyanoacrylate (o) naphthyl-a-cyanoacrylate (p) p-quinolyl-a-cyanoacetate (q) a-pyrimidinyl-a-cyanoacetate (r) p-hydroxyphenyl-u-cyanoacetate (s) p-sulfamylphenyl-a-cyanoacetate (t) 4-pyrazolyl-a-cyanoacetate (u) 4-methyl-Z-thiaZoIyI-a-cyanoacetate (v) p-acetamidophenyl-a-cyanoacetate (w) p-benzamidophenyl-u-cyanoacetate (x) p-benzoylphenyl-u-cyanoacetate (y) p-carboiso-octoxyphenyl-wcyanoacetate In the preparation of many esters of the present invention and in particular the aryl esters, e.g., phenyl, substituted phenyl, naphthyl, and the like which require the corresponding cyanoacetate ester, there may be a tendency for the latter to undergo hydrolysis in the above-described type of condensation reaction. In order, therefore, in these cases, to achieve an optimum yield, it may be desirable to prepare the ethyl ester or other lower alkyl ester and transform this ester into the aryl ester by transesterification with an excess of the corresponding phenol. A solvent may or may not be employed depending on the physical state of the mixture of alkyl ester and phenol. Usually, since these are solids, it is preferred to use an organic solvent such as benzene, toluene or xylene. B virtue of the transesterification technique, the alkanol is produced, which is stripped off, and the solvent may then also be removed in any suitable manner, as, for example, by distillation. In the transesterification reaction it is also preferred to use a small amount (0.1% to about 2% by weight based on the Weight of reactants) of a strong base, e.g., caustic soda, alkali carbonate, toluenesulfonamide sodium salt, and the like.

Compound of Example Mols 15.0.

1-4(r) 2 6 14(r) 10 1-4(r) 14(S) 6 1-4(s) 12 14(S) 50 1 E.O.:ethylone oxide.

Condensation product of ketone of Example 1 with inclicated cyauoacetato.

The compounds derived from the 4(r) compound have the formula:

and from the 4(s) compound, havethe formula:

s CN SOzN[(CH2CH20)n/2I'Ih n=mols of ethylene oxide.

Example 6 The product of Example 1 is used in a nitrocellulose lacquer as follows:

A mixture of 20 parts of Solution I and parts of Solution II is prepared wherein Solution I consists of:

Nitrocellulose Parts /2 sec 46 Product of Example 1 parts 4 Cellolyn 502 (non-drying plasticizing alkyd resin of Hercules Powder Co.) parts 35 Dibutyl phthalate do 15 Solution II consists of:

Parts Butyl acetate 35 Butanol 15 Toluene 50 The resulting lacquer solution is drawn out on a metal plate with a Bird film applicator to give a 2 mil film. A similar film is prepared without the product of Example 1. Upon exposure to ultraviolet light, the latter film yellows and deteriorates before any visible signs of yellowing are observed in the protected film.

Example 7 The product of Example 3(a) is incorporated into a synthetic latex as follows:

A 50% dispersion of the absorber of Example 3(a) is made by kneading 20. g. of the compound with 20 g. of formaldehydenaphthalene 2 sodium sulfonate (Tamol NNO) in a Werner-Pfleiderer mixer for several hours in the presence of suflicient Water to keep the material in a viscous state. The material is then evaporated to dryness to give the dispersed form of the absorber. The dispersed absorber is then incorporated into an acrylonitrilebutadiene latex (Chemigum 247) employing 5% of the absorber based on the weight of the latex. The latex is then sprayed onto leather. The film prepared in this manner shows less tendency to yellow on exposure to light than a similar film prepared in the same manner, but omitting the ultraviolet absorber,

- v Example 8 The product of Example 3(d) is prepared as a 3% solution in Methyl Cellosolve and a sponge of polyvinyl chloride foam is impregnated therewith. The foam is prepared from the following formulation:

Parts Marvinol VR-lO (polyvinyl chloride resin-US.

Rubber) Di-2-ethylhexylphthalate 130 Barium cadmium stabilizer (Advance BS-) 3.5 Celogen (p,p'-oxybis(benzenesulfonyl hydrazide)) 35 9 then pressed out in a Carver press to give a film of about 0.3 in. thick. Excellent stability to ultraviolet light is exhibited by the films. The latter also afford protection to food and the like packaged therein.

Example 10 Compounds 1-4(r) and 14(s) are oxypropylated with 10 mols of propylene oxide in the manner of Example 5, and then oxyethylated with 12 mols of ethylene oxide.

Example 11 The product of Example (a) is used in formulating a liquid detergent as follows:

Nonylphenol+ ethylene oxide condensate 8 Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate 26 Sodium silicate 4 Low viscosity carboxymethyl cellulose 0.4 KOH 2 Water 57.6 Product of 5 (c) 2 Excellent stability to ultraviolet light after 100 hours exposure is obtained.

Example 12 The product of Example 5(b) is used to impregnate dyed cotton. The bath contains 3 g./100 ml. water. Excellent protection against ultraviolet light degradation is obtained.

Example 13 Example 1 is repeated, employing 0.5 m. of the following cyanoacetates in lieu of 0.25 m. of the allyl compound of Example 1:

(a) glyceryl-1,3-bis(a-cyanoacetate) (b) propylene-3-bis(a-cyanoacetate) bis-cyanoacetyl'1,3-

propanediol) (c) butylene-1,4-bis(a-cyanoacetate)(bis-cyanoacetyl-l,4-

butanediol) (d) bis-cyanoacetyl-4,4'-dihydroxybenezne (e) bis-cyanoacetyl-o-cyclohexylenediol (f) bis-cyanoacetyl-p-xylylene glycol (g) bis-cyanoacetyl-2,5-dimethylhydroquinone Example 14 A 10 gm. swatch of Dacron (ethylene glycol terephthalic acid polyester) cloth is heated in an aqueous bath of 0.4 gms. of the compound of Example 1 dispersed in 300 mls. of water at 190 F. for 1 hour. The dispersion is prepared by adding to the 190 F. water while stirring vigorously, a solution of the acrylamide in 5 ml. of ethanol. The dried swatch is compared with an untreated sample after both are exposed to ultraviolet light in a fadeometer. After 100 hours, the untreated swatch shows a distinct yellow coloration, whereas the treated sample is unchanged.

Example 15 Example 14 is repeated, using the following compounds: (a) Example 2 (b) Example 3(a) (c) Example 3(d)- ((1) Example 3(e) (e) Example 3(h) (f) Example 14(d) (g) Example 1-4(g) (h) Example l-4(l) The results are similar to those of Example 14.

Example 16 Examples 14 and 15 are repeated, using acrylic tex- (c) films of polymer mixture polyacrylonitrile, 5%

polyvinylpyrrolidone) Excellent stabilization is achieved in each instance.

Example 17 To gms. of powdered nylon 66 (polyhexamethylene adapamide) are added 1 g. of the absorber of Example 1. After thorough mixing, the mixture is extruded into fibers from a hot melt. A cloth is woven from said fibers and compared with a similar fabric without absorber in the manner of Example 11. The fabric containing the arbsorber exhibits superior ultraviolet light stability.

Example 18 Example 17 is repeated using the followingpolymers: (a) Dacron (b) polyethylene (c) polypropylene (d) cellulose acetate (2.5 acetyl value) (e) polyvinylidene chloride Example 19 Examples 17 and 18 are repeated, using the absorbers of Examples 13 a-g.

The compounds of this invention are soluble in many diverse types of polymers, resins, waxes and the like, and therefore they are particularly suitable and adaptable for the stabilization of such materials as exemplified above. The non-oxyalkylated products are insoluble in water. Those compounds which contain lesser amounts of oxyalkyl groups, that is, up to about 4-6 groups per molecule, are in general less soluble in the non-polar solvents, but are readily dispersible in water. The compounds containing larger amounts of alkylene oxide, that is, above about 6 mols thereof per mol of base compound, range from soluble in water with the solubility increasing as the number of oxyalkylene groups increases.

The ultraviolet absorbing compounds of the present invention may be used to stabilize all organic materials which are susceptible to ultraviolet degradation and are particularly useful in the stabilization of resins and plastics, whether they be in the form of films or molded products and either clear, opaque, semi-opaque or translucent. Foam, plastics and fibers are also admirably stabilized by these compounds. Pigments, polishes, creams, lotions, paints, enamels, varnish films, and dyestuffs, when susceptible to ultraviolet degradation, have been found to be excellently stabilized by the compounds of the present invention. The amount of stabilizer to be incorporated in such compositions is not critical except that sufficient should be present to effect an acceptable degree of stabilization and no more should be used than is necessary to obtain such results. In general, between about 0.1% and 10% by weight, based upon the organic solids weight to be stabilized, may be used.

Other variations in and modifications of the described processes which will be obvious to those skilled in the art can be made in this invention without departing from the scope or spirit thereof.

What is claimed is:

1. An essentially colorless compound exhibiting a prominent absorption peak between 2500 A. and 4000 A. of the formula:

(HE '1) ON (HE T) (3-0 Y 1') :1

wherein (a) each (HET) represents, independently, a heterocyclic nucleus containing at least one pair of conjugated double bonds selected from the group consisting of 5- and G-membered monocyclic heterocycles containing as the hetero atom at least one 1 1 member selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur, and the corresponding benzo monocyclic heterocycles, said nucleus being devoid of nitro and nuclear bonded amino groups, (b) n is an integer from 1 to 2, and (c) when n'=1, Y is a radical selected from the group consisting of C C alkenyl, phenyl, naphthyl, the lower alkyl, lower alkoxy halo', carboxy, carboxamide, lower carbalkoxy, lower alkanoyl, benzoyl, alkanoylamino of up to C and sulfamyl derivatives of said phenyl and naphthyl and (HET) radicals and (d) when n=2, Y is a bivalent radical selected from the group consisting of lower alkylene, arylene'of up to 10 carbon atoms, cyclohexylene Z-hydroxy propylene and chloro and bromo substituted lower alkylene. 2. A compound as defined in claim 1 wherein each (HET) is monocyclic sulfur-containing.

3. A compound as defined in claim 1 wherein each (HET) is nitrogen-containing.

4. A compound as defined in claim 1 wherein each (HET) is oxygen-containing.

5. A compound as defined in claim 2 wherein each (HET) is thienyl.

6. A compound as defined in claim 1 wherein one (HET) is thienyl and the other (HET) is furyl.

7. A compound as defined in claim 2 wherein each (HET) is furyl.

8. A compound as defined in claim 1 wherein 11:1. 9. A compound as defined in claim 1 wherein 11:2. 10. A compound as defined in claim 8 wherein Y is C3-C25 alkenyl.

11. A compound as defined in claim 8 wherein Y is phenyl.

12. A compound as defined in claim 8 wherein Y is 13. A compound as defined in claim 9 wherein Y is lower alkyleneQ 14. A compound as defined in claim 9 wherein Y is phenylene.

I 15. The compound as defined in claim 1 wherein (a) each (HET) is 2-thienyl,

(b) n isl, and

(c) Y is allyl.

16. A compound as defined in claim 1 wherein (a) each (HET) is Z-thienyl,

(b) n is 1, and

(c) Y is phenyl.

17. A compound as defined in claim 1wherein (a) each (HET) is 2-thienyl (b) n is 1, and

(c) Y is p-stearoylphenyl.

18. A compound as defined in claim 1 wherein (a) each (HET) is Z-thienyl (b) 11:2, and

(c) Y is tetramethylene.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,978,462 4/1961 Berman et al. 260345.2 3,022,318 2/1962 Berman et a1. 260345.2 3,072,481 1/1963 Berman et al. 96-48 3,085,469 4/1963 Carlson 88-24 HENRY R. J ILES, Primary Examiner.

C. M. SHURKO, Assistant Examiner. 

